UVabsorptiospektroskopia

UV-absorption spectroscopy, also known as ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, is a technique used to measure the absorption of ultraviolet and visible light by a sample. This method is widely employed in analytical chemistry to determine the concentration of a substance in a solution, identify compounds, and study their electronic transitions.

The principle behind UV-absorption spectroscopy is based on the Beer-Lambert law, which states that the absorbance (A) of a solution is directly proportional to the concentration (c) of the absorbing species, the path length (l) of the light through the sample, and the molar absorptivity (ε) of the compound at a given wavelength. The relationship is expressed as A = εlc.

In a typical UV-absorption spectroscopy experiment, a beam of light is passed through a sample solution contained in a cuvette. The light that is absorbed by the sample is measured, and the absorbance is calculated. A spectrum is generated by plotting the absorbance against the wavelength of the light, providing a characteristic "fingerprint" for the sample.

UV-absorption spectroscopy is particularly useful for compounds that absorb light in the ultraviolet or visible regions of the electromagnetic spectrum. It is commonly used to analyze organic compounds, transition metal complexes, and other species that exhibit electronic transitions within this range. The technique is also valuable in environmental monitoring, pharmaceutical analysis, and materials science.