UNAMID

UNAMID, the United Nations–African Union Hybrid Operation in Darfur, was a joint peacekeeping mission established to stabilize the Darfur region of Sudan and protect civilians amid ongoing conflict. The mission was established by United Nations Security Council Resolution 1769, adopted on July 31, 2007, and began operations in 2007–2008 as a hybrid UN-AU mission, replacing the African Union Mission in Darfur (AMIS).

Its mandate included protecting civilians under threat of physical violence, ensuring safe humanitarian access, supporting the political process, monitoring and reporting on human rights, and contributing to the rule of law and security sector reform, in coordination with the Government of Sudan and other stakeholders.

UNAMID brought together UN and AU personnel, including police and civilian staff, with a headquarters in El Fasher and additional bases across Darfur (North, South, Central, and West Darfur). Its tasks encompassed mobile security operations to protect civilians and aid convoys, monitoring ceasefire and disengagement agreements, facilitating humanitarian assistance, and providing security for political processes.

The mission remained the largest peacekeeping operation by the UN in terms of personnel at its height and operated until December 31, 2020, when a phased drawdown and transition took place. It faced challenges including restricted access, violence, and resource constraints, and while it contributed to stabilization and humanitarian relief, a sustainable peace in Darfur remains an ongoing national and regional effort.