Trapézio

Trapézio is a geometric quadrilateral with at least one pair of parallel sides. The parallel sides are known as the bases, and the non-parallel sides are called legs. If both pairs of opposite sides are parallel, the figure is a parallelogram. Therefore, a parallelogram is a special type of trapezoid.

There are several classifications of trapezoids based on the lengths of their sides and angles. An isosceles trapezoid is a trapezoid where the non-parallel sides (legs) are equal in length. In an isosceles trapezoid, the base angles are also equal. A right trapezoid is a trapezoid that has at least one right angle. If one leg is perpendicular to the bases, then the other leg is not necessarily perpendicular, but it would form two right angles with the bases.

The area of a trapezoid is calculated using the formula A = 1/2 * (b1 + b2) * h, where b1 and b2 are the lengths of the parallel bases, and h is the perpendicular height between the bases. The perimeter of a trapezoid is the sum of the lengths of all four sides.

Trapezoids appear in various contexts, including architecture, engineering, and art, where their geometric properties are utilized. For instance, the shape of certain roofs or bridges may incorporate trapezoidal forms.