Transfüzyon

Transfusion, also known as blood transfusion, is a medical procedure in which blood or blood components are transferred from one person to another. This process is typically used to treat conditions such as anemia, blood loss, or certain types of blood disorders. The blood can be donated from a compatible donor or obtained from a blood bank.

The primary types of blood transfusions include:

1. Whole blood transfusion: This involves transferring all components of the blood, including red blood cells, plasma, and platelets.

2. Packed red blood cell transfusion: This is used to treat anemia and involves transferring only the red blood cells.

3. Platelet transfusion: This is used to treat low platelet counts and involves transferring only the platelets.

4. Plasma transfusion: This is used to treat certain clotting disorders and involves transferring only the plasma.

Before a transfusion, the recipient's blood type and Rh factor are determined to ensure compatibility with the donor's blood. This is crucial to prevent adverse reactions such as hemolysis, where the recipient's immune system attacks the transfused blood cells.

Transfusions are typically administered through a vein using an intravenous (IV) line. The process is usually quick and relatively painless, although some individuals may experience mild side effects such as chills, nausea, or itching at the infusion site.

Transfusions are a lifesaving procedure, but they also carry risks, including the transmission of infectious diseases, allergic reactions, and iron overload. Therefore, they are typically reserved for situations where the benefits outweigh the risks.