Toluenediisotsüanaat

Toluenediisotsüanaat, commonly known as TDI, is an organic compound with the chemical formula C9H6N2O2. It is a colorless to pale yellow liquid with a sharp odor. TDI is a highly reactive chemical that is primarily used in the production of polyurethane foams. These foams are found in a wide range of everyday products, including furniture cushioning, automotive seats, mattresses, and insulation materials.

The production of TDI typically involves the phosgenation of toluene diamine. This process requires careful handling due to the hazardous nature of phosgene. TDI exists as a mixture of isomers, with the most common being 2,4-TDI and 2,6-TDI. The specific ratio of these isomers can influence the properties of the resulting polyurethane.

In addition to flexible foams, TDI is also used to manufacture semi-rigid foams and coatings, adhesives, and sealants. Its reactivity allows it to cross-link with polyols to form strong and durable polymer networks. However, TDI is also a hazardous substance. It is an irritant to the eyes, skin, and respiratory system. Prolonged or repeated exposure can lead to respiratory sensitization and asthma-like symptoms. Due to these health concerns, strict safety measures are implemented during its manufacturing, transportation, and use, and appropriate personal protective equipment is essential.