Titrimetriassa

Titrimetria is a quantitative chemical analysis technique used to determine the concentration of a substance in a solution. It involves the controlled addition of a solution of known concentration, called a titrant, to a solution containing the substance to be analyzed, known as the analyte. The titrant is added until the reaction between the titrant and analyte is complete, which is indicated by a sharp change in a measurable property. This point of complete reaction is called the equivalence point.

Common methods of detection for the equivalence point include visual indicators, which change color at or near the equivalence point, or instrumental methods such as potentiometry or conductometry. The volume of titrant added to reach the equivalence point is measured precisely. Using the known concentration of the titrant and the stoichiometry of the reaction between the titrant and analyte, the concentration of the analyte can be calculated.

Titrimetric methods are widely used in various fields, including pharmaceuticals, environmental monitoring, food analysis, and industrial quality control. They are valued for their accuracy, precision, and relatively low cost. Different types of titrations exist, categorized by the type of chemical reaction involved, such as acid-base titrations, redox titrations, precipitation titrations, and complexometric titrations. Each type requires specific titrants, indicators, and analytical procedures tailored to the analyte and the reaction chemistry.