Tengerfelszínemelkedés

Tengerfelszínemelkedés, often translated as sea level rise, refers to the increase in the average global sea level. This phenomenon is a significant consequence of climate change, primarily driven by two main factors: thermal expansion of seawater and the melting of land-based ice. As ocean temperatures rise, water molecules expand, occupying more volume. Simultaneously, glaciers and ice sheets in Greenland and Antarctica are melting at an accelerated rate, adding substantial amounts of water to the oceans.

The effects of tengerfelszínemelkedés are far-reaching and pose considerable threats to coastal communities and ecosystems worldwide. Increased coastal erosion, more frequent and severe flooding, and saltwater intrusion into freshwater sources are among the most immediate impacts. Low-lying islands and coastal deltas are particularly vulnerable, facing the risk of inundation and displacement of populations.

Scientists monitor sea levels using a combination of satellite altimetry and tide gauge data. Projections indicate that without significant reductions in greenhouse gas emissions, sea levels will continue to rise throughout the 21st century and beyond, potentially by several feet. Adaptation strategies, such as building seawalls, restoring coastal wetlands, and relocating infrastructure, are being implemented in many areas, but the long-term challenge of managing rising sea levels remains substantial. The issue is a critical component of global climate change discussions and policy development.