Tehingutöötlus

Tehingutöötlus, also known as transaction processing, refers to the execution of data processing operations in an electronic system. These operations are typically structured to be processed as a single, indivisible unit, known as a transaction. The core principle of transaction processing is atomicity, ensuring that either all operations within a transaction are successfully completed, or none of them are. This prevents partial updates to data, maintaining data integrity and consistency.

There are two primary types of transaction processing: Online Transaction Processing (OLTP) and Offline Transaction Processing. OLTP systems are designed for high volumes of short, atomic transactions, such as those found in banking, retail, and airline reservation systems. They prioritize speed, availability, and data consistency for real-time operations. Offline transaction processing, on the other hand, handles larger batches of transactions that do not require immediate processing. This might include end-of-day financial reports or bulk data updates.

Key characteristics of transaction processing include accuracy, completeness, and security. Each transaction must be processed correctly and completely. Transaction processing systems often employ various mechanisms, such as commit protocols and logging, to ensure that transactions are durable and can be recovered in case of system failures. The goal is to provide a reliable and efficient way to manage and update data in dynamic environments.