Tarbijannõudlus

Tarbijannõudlus, also known as consumer demand, refers to the quantity of a good or service that consumers are willing and able to purchase at various prices during a specific period. It is a fundamental concept in economics that plays a crucial role in determining market prices and the allocation of resources. Several factors influence consumer demand, including price, income, consumer preferences, prices of related goods, and expectations about future prices or availability.

The law of demand states that, all else being equal, as the price of a good or service increases, the quantity demanded by consumers will decrease, and vice versa. This inverse relationship is represented by the demand curve, which slopes downward from left to right. Income is another significant determinant. For normal goods, demand increases as income rises, while for inferior goods, demand decreases as income rises. Consumer preferences, often shaped by advertising, trends, and personal tastes, also significantly impact demand. The prices of substitute goods (those that can be used in place of another) and complementary goods (those often consumed together) also affect demand. If the price of a substitute increases, demand for the original good may rise. Conversely, if the price of a complement increases, demand for the original good may fall. Finally, consumer expectations about future price changes or product availability can influence current purchasing decisions. Understanding these factors is vital for businesses to forecast sales, set prices, and manage inventory effectively.