Tanic

Tanic is a common term used to refer to tannic acid, a type of polyphenol. Tannic acid is naturally found in various plants, particularly in oak galls, tea leaves, and the bark of certain trees. It is a complex mixture of gallic acid and ellagic acid units esterified to a glucose core. Historically, tannic acid played a significant role in the leather tanning process, giving it its name. It binds to collagen in animal hides, making them more resistant to decay and water.

In modern applications, tannic acid is used as a mordant in dyeing, helping to fix colors to fabrics. It also possesses astringent properties, which are utilized in some medicinal preparations for treating minor cuts and burns, and in some mouthwashes. Its ability to precipitate proteins is exploited in clarifying wine and beer, removing haze-forming compounds. Furthermore, tannic acid acts as an antioxidant and has been investigated for its potential health benefits, although more research is needed. It is also found as a component in inks and as a de-icing agent. The exact composition of tannic acid can vary depending on its source.