Talajvízpotenciál

Talajvízpotenciál is a term used in hydrogeology and soil science to describe the energy status of groundwater within the soil. It represents the work required to move a unit volume of water from a reference point to a specific point within the soil or aquifer. This potential is influenced by several factors, including gravity, pressure, and the soil matrix itself.

The gravitational potential component is related to the elevation of the water table. Water at higher elevations has a greater gravitational potential. The pressure potential, also known as the matric potential or soil water potential, accounts for the forces that hold water in the soil pores. These forces include adhesion (attraction between water molecules and soil particles) and cohesion (attraction between water molecules themselves). In unsaturated soils, the pressure potential is negative, reflecting the suction required to pull water away from the soil particles.

The total groundwater potential is the sum of these components. Water naturally flows from areas of higher potential to areas of lower potential. This flow is the driving force behind groundwater movement, influencing processes such as infiltration, drainage, and the movement of contaminants. Understanding talajvízpotenciál is crucial for managing water resources, predicting groundwater flow patterns, and assessing the availability of water for plant growth. It is typically measured in units of pressure, such as Pascals (Pa) or kilopascals (kPa).