TETmediated

TETmediated refers to biological processes influenced or regulated by members of the TET (Ten-Eleven Translocation) enzyme family. The TET proteins are a group of dioxygenases that play a crucial role in epigenetic regulation, primarily by oxidizing 5-methylcytosine (5mC), the most common DNA methylation mark, to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) and subsequently to other oxidized derivatives like 5-formylcytosine (5fC) and 5-carboxylcytosine (5caC). This iterative oxidation process is a key step in DNA demethylation, a dynamic mechanism that modifies the epigenome.

TETmediated processes are involved in a wide range of cellular functions, including embryonic development, cell differentiation, and stem cell pluripotency. In development, TET enzymes are essential for establishing and maintaining proper gene expression patterns required for cell fate determination. Their activity is also implicated in the reprogramming of somatic cells into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Furthermore, TETmediated DNA demethylation has been linked to the regulation of gene expression in various tissues and cell types, influencing cellular identity and function. Dysregulation of TETmediated processes has been associated with several diseases, including cancer, neurological disorders, and autoimmune conditions, highlighting their significance in maintaining cellular homeostasis and health. Research into TETmediated mechanisms continues to unravel their complex roles in biological systems.