Tårekjertler

Tårekjertler, also known as lacrimal glands, are exocrine glands located in the upper, outer portion of each eye socket. Their primary function is to produce the watery component of tears, which is essential for lubricating the surface of the eye, clearing debris, and providing nutrients to the cornea. These glands are part of the lacrimal apparatus, a complex system responsible for tear production, distribution, and drainage.

The tears produced by the tårekjertler are a complex mixture containing water, electrolytes, antibodies, enzymes, and proteins. This composition helps to maintain a healthy ocular surface and protect against infection. When we blink, tears are spread across the cornea, forming a tear film that keeps the eye moist and clear.

Tårekjertler are stimulated to produce tears by various factors, including emotional responses like crying, irritation from foreign particles or dry air, and even by certain foods. When the tårekjertler produce an excessive amount of tears, such as during strong emotional distress or significant irritation, the excess fluid drains through the lacrimal puncta, into the lacrimal canaliculi, then the lacrimal sac, and finally down the nasolacrimal duct into the nasal cavity, which is why crying often leads to a runny nose. Conversely, insufficient tear production can lead to dry eye syndrome, a condition characterized by discomfort, blurred vision, and a gritty sensation in the eyes.