Südameveresoonkonda

Südameveresoonkonda, also known as the cardiac conduction system, is a network of specialized cells within the heart that generates and conducts electrical impulses, ensuring coordinated contraction of the heart muscle. This system is crucial for maintaining normal heart rhythm and blood flow. It consists of several components: the sinoatrial (SA) node, atrioventricular (AV) node, atrioventricular (AV) bundle, and bundle branches.

The SA node, located in the right atrium, is the heart's natural pacemaker. It initiates electrical impulses that spread through the atria, causing them to contract and pump blood into the ventricles. The AV node, situated between the atria and ventricles, acts as a delay, allowing the atria to fully contract before the ventricles begin to pump blood out of the heart.

The AV bundle, also known as the bundle of His, further delays the impulse and conducts it to the bundle branches, which divide into the left and right bundle branches. These branches spread the impulse throughout the ventricles, ensuring they contract simultaneously, which is essential for efficient blood ejection.

The cardiac conduction system is vital for normal heart function. Dysfunction in any part of this system can lead to abnormal heart rhythms, such as arrhythmias, which may cause symptoms like palpitations, dizziness, or fainting. Conditions affecting the conduction system include bundle branch blocks, Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome, and sick sinus syndrome. Proper functioning of the cardiac conduction system is maintained by the body's natural electrical activity and can be influenced by factors such as age, physical fitness, and certain medications.