Sérvia

Sérvia, known in English as Serbia, is a country in Southeast Europe located in the central Balkans. It is landlocked and bordered by Hungary to the north, Romania and Bulgaria to the east, North Macedonia to the south, and Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, and Croatia to the west. The capital and largest city is Belgrade.

Geography and population: The northern area is the fertile Pannonian Plain (Vojvodina), while the south is more mountainous, including parts of the Balkan Range. The Danube River passes through the country, linking it to the Black Sea. The highest point in Serbia is Midžor, at about 2,169 meters. Serbia has a population of roughly 6.9 million people, with a majority ethnic Serb population and minorities such as Hungarians, Bosniaks, Roma, and others. The official language is Serbian, written in both Cyrillic and Latin scripts. The dominant religion is Serbian Orthodox.

History and politics: The modern state emerged from the medieval Serbian principalities and later formed part of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia and then the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. After the breakup of Yugoslavia, Serbia remained as a successor state. Kosovo declared independence in 2008, a status Serbia does not recognize. Serbia is a parliamentary republic with a president as head of state and a prime minister as head of government.

Economy and culture: Serbia maintains a diversified economy with services accounting for a large share of GDP, along with industry and agriculture. Key sectors include manufacturing, information technology, and mining. The currency is the Serbian dinar. Cultural heritage includes medieval monasteries, traditional music and cuisine, and a growing contemporary arts scene. Notable sites include UNESCO-listed monasteries and historic fortresses, reflecting a long, layered history.