Szótagvégek

Szótagvégek, or morphemes, are the smallest units of language that have meaning. In Hungarian, morphemes can be divided into two main types: free and bound. Free morphemes can stand alone as words, such as "könyv" (book) or "szép" (beautiful). Bound morphemes, on the other hand, cannot stand alone and must be attached to a free morpheme. These include prefixes, suffixes, and circumfixes.

Suffixes are the most common type of bound morpheme in Hungarian. They are added to the end of a word to create a new word with a related meaning. For example, adding the suffix "-t" to "könyv" (book) results in "könyvet" (book-ACC), where ACC stands for accusative case. Hungarian also has a rich system of suffixes that indicate grammatical categories such as case, number, and possession.

Prefixes are another type of bound morpheme that can be added to the beginning of a word. For instance, the prefix "meg-" can be added to verbs to indicate completion, as in "megír" (to write) from "ír" (write).

Circumfixes are a combination of a prefix and a suffix that surround a word. An example is the circumfix "be-...-t", which can be added to verbs to indicate motion towards a location, as in "bejön" (to come in) from "jön" (to come).

Understanding morphemes is crucial for studying Hungarian grammar, as they are the building blocks of words and sentences. By analyzing morphemes, one can gain insights into the structure and meaning of Hungarian words.