Szintaxist

Szintaxist is the Hungarian accusative form of szintaxis, meaning "the syntax." In general use, it refers to the field of linguistics that investigates the structure of sentences. Syntax examines how words combine into phrases and how those phrases are organized into larger units to convey meaning. Key concerns include word order, hierarchical structure, constituency, and the relationships among sentence elements such as subjects, verbs, objects, modifiers, and auxiliaries. The study distinguishes between the surface arrangement of words and the underlying abstract representations that govern grammar, such as phrase structure rules and dependency relations.

Historically, syntax has evolved from prescriptive rules to descriptive theories that aim to model actual language use. Modern theories include generative grammar, notably Chomsky's work on phrase structure, movement, and the Minimalist Program; other approaches include construction grammar, functional/discourse-oriented syntax, and dependency grammar.

Languages vary in their syntactic systems; some rely on fixed word order (English, SVO), others rely more on morphology or case marking (Russian, Finnish) to signal relations. Cross-linguistic study of syntax helps in language teaching, translation, and computational linguistics, where parsing, syntax-based search, and natural language processing rely on syntactic analyses.