Szervezetszemély

Szervezetszemély is a Hungarian legal term that translates to "organizational person" or "legal entity." It refers to a non-human entity that is recognized by law as having rights and obligations similar to those of a natural person. This includes the ability to enter into contracts, own property, sue and be sued, and incur debts.

In Hungarian law, common examples of szervezetszemély include companies (both limited liability and unlimited liability), foundations, associations, cooperatives, and public bodies. These entities are created through a formal registration process and are distinct from the individuals who own, manage, or are members of them. The legal personality of a szervezetszemély is granted by law, allowing it to act independently in the legal and economic sphere.

The concept of szervezetszemély is crucial for facilitating commerce and organizing collective activities. It provides a framework for businesses to operate, for charitable endeavors to be established, and for various other forms of collective action to take place in a legally recognized and structured manner. The liability and responsibilities of a szervezetszemély are typically limited to its own assets, protecting the personal assets of its owners or members from business-related debts or legal claims, depending on the specific legal form of the entity.