Szelephibák

Szelephibák, often translated as valve defects or valvular heart disease, refers to conditions affecting the heart valves. These valves are crucial for directing blood flow through the heart in the correct direction. When a valve is not functioning properly, it can lead to serious health problems. There are two main types of valve defects: stenosis and regurgitation.

Valvular stenosis occurs when a heart valve becomes narrowed or stiffened, restricting blood flow. This forces the heart to work harder to pump blood through the narrowed opening, which can lead to fatigue, shortness of breath, and chest pain. Common causes of stenosis include rheumatic fever, calcification, and congenital abnormalities.

Valvular regurgitation, also known as insufficiency or incompetence, happens when a heart valve does not close properly, allowing blood to leak backward. This means the heart has to pump the same blood multiple times, which also increases the workload on the heart and can result in similar symptoms to stenosis. Causes of regurgitation can include damage from heart attacks, infections, or congenital defects.

Symptoms of szelephibák can vary depending on the severity and type of defect, and may include palpitations, dizziness, swelling in the legs and ankles, and heart murmurs. Diagnosis typically involves a physical examination, echocardiogram, and sometimes other imaging tests. Treatment options range from medication to manage symptoms and prevent complications to surgical repair or replacement of the affected valve. Early detection and management are important for improving outcomes.