Synoviális

Synoviális refers to a type of tissue and fluid found in diarthroses, which are freely movable joints in the body. The primary component of this system is the synovial membrane, a layer of connective tissue that lines the joint capsule. This membrane secretes synovial fluid, a viscous, clear or slightly yellowish liquid that acts as a lubricant and shock absorber for the joint.

The synovial fluid's consistency and composition are crucial for joint health. It reduces friction between the articular cartilages of the bones, allowing for smooth and effortless movement. The fluid also provides nutrients to the avascular cartilage and removes waste products. Additionally, it plays a role in protecting the joint from impact and maintaining its stability.

Synovial joints are characterized by the presence of this fluid-filled cavity. Examples of synovial joints include the hip, knee, shoulder, and elbow. Conditions affecting the synovial tissue or fluid, such as synovitis or arthritis, can lead to pain, swelling, and impaired joint function. The term "synoviális" itself originates from Greek words meaning "egg-like," referring to the appearance of the fluid.