Synovialis

Synovialis is a term encountered in some anatomical and educational sources to denote tissue associated with joints, typically the synovial membrane or its lining. It is not a standard term in modern major anatomical nomenclature, and its usage varies by text. The word is derived from synovia, the fluid produced within joints, with the Latin adjectival ending -alis, but its precise scope is not standardized in contemporary references.

Anatomy and location: The synovial membrane lines the inner surface of joint capsules and tendon sheaths. The membrane consists of a thin layer of specialized cells, synoviocytes, supported by loose connective tissue, and rests on a vascular subintima. In some descriptions, this entire lining is referred to as the synovialis.

Function: It produces synovial fluid, which lubricates the joint, nourishes avascular cartilage, and contributes to waste removal.

Clinical relevance: Inflammatory or degenerative processes can cause synovitis, thickening, effusion, and pain. Some older texts discuss 'synovialis' in the context of these processes; however, standard terminology uses 'synovial membrane' or 'synovium'.

See also: Synovial membrane, Synovial fluid, Bursae, Tenosynovitis.