Stoommotoren

Stoommotoren, also known as steam engines, are external combustion engines that use the energy released from the combustion of fuel to produce motion. They were a significant technological advancement in the Industrial Revolution, powering machinery and transportation for over a century. The basic principle of a steam engine involves heating water to produce steam, which then expands and pushes a piston or rotates a turbine, converting thermal energy into mechanical work.

The first practical steam engine was developed by Thomas Newcomen in 1712, which was used for pumping water out of mines. However, it was inefficient and consumed large amounts of fuel. James Watt improved upon Newcomen's design in 1765, creating the Watt steam engine, which was much more efficient and could be used for a variety of applications. Watt's engine introduced the concept of separate condenser and cylinder, which significantly increased efficiency.

Steam engines were widely used in the 19th century for powering locomotives, ships, and industrial machinery. They were particularly important in the development of railways, enabling long-distance travel and the transportation of goods. However, as internal combustion engines and electricity became more prevalent, the use of steam engines declined. Today, steam engines are primarily used in specialized applications such as steam locomotives for tourist railways and in some industrial processes.