Standardværdi

Standardværdi refers to a predefined value used as a reference in measurement, calibration and quality control. It is the value defined by a standard, specification or agreement, against which actual measurements are compared.

In metrology, standardværdier are established by national and international bodies (for example ISO, IEC, DIN, NIST) and may be realized by physical artefacts, such as calibration weights, voltage references or precision resistors. They provide a stable basis for checking instrument accuracy and for deriving measurement uncertainties.

In manufacturing and engineering, the standardværdi is the target or nominal dimension or property. Tolerances specify the permissible deviation from the standard value. The difference between a measured value and the standard value is the measurement error, which is used to adjust equipment or to accept or reject parts.

Standardværdier can be fixed and unchanging, but standards are periodically updated as methods improve. They are distinct from the measured value, which is the actual reading, and from the nominal value, which is the intended target in product specifications. In some contexts, standardværdi and nominalværdi are used interchangeably, but standardværdi emphasizes the value defined by a recognized standard.

Examples include a calibration lab using a 1.000 V voltage standard, a length gauge set to a standard length of 100.00 mm, or electrical resistors specified by standard nominal values such as 1 kΩ.

See also: metrology, calibration, tolerance, measurement uncertainty, nominal value, reference value.