Spindelachsen

Spindelachsen is a German term that can refer to two different concepts depending on the context: in biology and in mechanical engineering.

In cell biology, the spindle axis (Spindelachse) is the imaginary line that connects the two poles of the mitotic or meiotic spindle. The spindle is a microtubule-based structure that organizes and separates chromosomes during cell division. The axis provides the reference frame for chromosome alignment and segregation, influencing the plane of division and the orientation of chromatids as they move toward opposite poles. Proper formation and function of the spindle axis are essential for accurate chromosome distribution; defects can lead to aneuploidy and genomic instability.

In mechanical engineering, the spindle axis is the central rotational axis of a machine tool’s spindle, such as in lathes or milling machines. This axis defines the direction of rotation and the alignment of cutting tools or workpieces. The precision of the spindle axis affects surface finish, dimensional accuracy, and tool life. Misalignment or runout of the spindle axis can cause vibrations, increased wear, and degraded machining quality.

In both contexts, the term represents a principal reference line that governs orientation and movement, whether for biological chromosome segregation or for the precise operation of rotating cutting tools.