Spiinid
Spiinid is the Estonian plural form of spin, a fundamental property in quantum mechanics that describes the intrinsic angular momentum carried by elementary particles and certain composite systems. Unlike classical rotation, spiin is not a motion in space but an intrinsic degree of freedom that can be measured along a chosen direction.
Spin is quantized. Each particle has a spin quantum number s, with projections m_s taking values from
The concept is tested by experiments such as Stern-Gerlach, which reveal discrete spin states. The simplest
Spin underpins quantum statistics: half-integer spins are fermions that obey the Pauli exclusion principle, while integer
Applications range from medical imaging (MRI, NMR) and electron-spin resonance to spintronics and quantum information processing,
Historically, electron spin was proposed by Goudsmit and Uhlenbeck (1925) and confirmed experimentally; Stern and Gerlach