Skarnojen

Skarnojen is a geological term referring to a type of metamorphic rock. These rocks are characterized by their formation at the contact between igneous intrusions and carbonate-rich country rocks, such as limestone or dolomite. The intense heat and chemical fluids emanating from the cooling magma cause metasomatism, a process where the original rock's composition is altered by the introduction of new chemical elements.

The name "skarn" originates from Swedish, meaning "flaw" or "dirt," reflecting early observations of these rocks as undesirable impurities associated with valuable mineral deposits. Skarns are typically coarse-grained and can exhibit a wide range of mineral assemblages, depending on the specific composition of the protolith and the nature of the hydrothermal fluids. Common minerals found in skarns include garnet, pyroxene, epidote, wollastonite, and various ore minerals.

The formation of skarns is a significant geological process because they are often associated with economically important metallic ore deposits. Metals such as iron, copper, tungsten, molybdenum, gold, and lead can be concentrated within skarn bodies. The presence of skarn can therefore be a strong indicator of potential mineralization. Geologists study skarn deposits to understand ore genesis and to explore for new mineral resources.