Siyosat

Siyosat is the Turkish term for politics, derived from the Persian siyāsat and the Arabic siyāsa, meaning the conduct of public affairs or governance. In Turkish usage, as in many languages, it denotes politics in its broad sense and also the study of political systems and activity.

In political life, siyosat involves power relations and the ways communities organize themselves to make collective decisions. It covers the distribution and exercise of authority, the creation and implementation of public policy, and the interactions among actors such as governments, legislatures, political parties, interest groups, media, and citizens.

Academic study of siyosat, or political science, investigates it through normative and empirical approaches, with subfields including comparative politics, international relations, political theory, and public administration. Analyses may explore institutions, elections, policy outcomes, ideology, and governance challenges, as well as questions of legitimacy, accountability, and representation.

Key concepts in siyosat include state, government, sovereignty, rule of law, democracy, autocracy, and hybrid regimes. The study also examines the processes by which policies are formulated and implemented, and how political actors participate and influence outcomes.

Global context shows that siyosat exists in every political culture, yet systems vary widely—from liberal democracies to authoritarian regimes and hybrid forms. Across borders, globalization, digital media, and transnational institutions shape political life, influence policy choices, and alter the balance of power between state and society.