Sejtyésztés

Sejtyésztés is a Hungarian term that translates to "cell cultivation" or "cell culture" in English. It refers to the process of growing cells outside of their natural biological environment, typically in a laboratory setting. This technique is fundamental to many areas of biological and medical research.

The basic principle of sejtyésztés involves providing cells with the necessary conditions for survival and proliferation. This includes a suitable growth medium, which is a nutrient-rich liquid that supplies the cells with essential elements like amino acids, vitamins, and growth factors. Temperature control is also crucial, as most cells require a specific temperature range to function optimally, usually around 37 degrees Celsius for mammalian cells. Furthermore, a sterile environment is paramount to prevent contamination by microorganisms that could outcompete or harm the cultured cells.

Sejtyésztés can be performed using various cell types, including primary cells derived directly from living tissues, or cell lines, which are populations of cells that have been adapted to grow continuously in culture. The purpose of sejtyésztés is diverse. Researchers use it to study fundamental biological processes, test the efficacy and toxicity of drugs, develop vaccines, and generate tissues for regenerative medicine. The ability to isolate and grow specific cell types allows for detailed investigation and manipulation that would be impossible in a whole organism.