Sejttenyészet

Sejttenyészet, also known as cell culture, is a technique used in biology and medicine to grow cells or tissues in a controlled laboratory environment, outside of their original organism. This process involves providing cells with a suitable culture medium, which contains essential nutrients, growth factors, and other components necessary for their survival and proliferation. The cells are typically maintained in an incubator, which regulates temperature, humidity, and atmospheric conditions, such as the concentration of carbon dioxide.

There are several types of cell cultures, including primary cell cultures, which are derived directly from living tissues, and cell lines, which are cells that have been adapted to grow continuously in culture. Cell cultures can be grown as monolayers, where cells adhere to a surface, or in suspension, where cells are dispersed in the liquid medium.

Sejttenyészet has a wide range of applications. It is crucial for research purposes, allowing scientists to study cell biology, disease mechanisms, and drug effects in a simplified and controlled system. It is also vital in the development and production of vaccines, biopharmaceuticals, and other biological products. Furthermore, cell culture techniques are used in diagnostic testing, toxicology studies, and regenerative medicine, such as tissue engineering. The ability to manipulate and study cells in vitro has significantly advanced our understanding of life processes and led to numerous medical breakthroughs.