Sejtlégzés

Sejtlégzés, also known as cellular respiration, is a fundamental biological process that occurs within the cells of all living organisms. It is the metabolic pathway through which cells convert biochemical energy from nutrients into adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the primary energy currency of the cell. The process of sejtlégzés can be divided into three main stages: glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain.

Glycolysis is the initial stage of sejtlégzés, occurring in the cytoplasm of the cell. It involves the breakdown of glucose into two molecules of pyruvate, producing a small amount of ATP and NADH. The pyruvate then enters the mitochondria, where the Krebs cycle and electron transport chain take place.

The Krebs cycle, also known as the citric acid cycle or TCA cycle, occurs in the mitochondrial matrix. It further oxidizes the pyruvate, producing more NADH, FADH2, ATP, and carbon dioxide. The electron transport chain, located in the inner mitochondrial membrane, uses the electrons carried by NADH and FADH2 to generate a proton gradient, which drives the synthesis of ATP through oxidative phosphorylation.

Sejtlégzés is essential for the survival and functioning of all cells, as it provides the energy needed for various cellular processes, including growth, reproduction, and maintenance of cellular structures. The efficiency and rate of sejtlégzés can vary among different organisms and tissues, depending on their energy requirements and metabolic states.