Sedimenttikivi

Sedimenttikivi is the Finnish term for sedimentary rock. Sedimentary rocks are a major class of rock which, along with metamorphic and igneous rocks, makes up a large part of the Earth's crust. They are formed from the accumulation or deposition of mineral or organic particles at the Earth's surface, followed by cementation. These particles, called sediment, are derived from the weathering and erosion of pre-existing rocks, or from biological or chemical precipitates. Sediment is transported by water, wind, or ice, and deposited in layers. Over time, these layers are compacted by the weight of overlying sediment and cemented together by minerals precipitating from groundwater.

Common examples of sedimentary rocks include sandstone, shale, limestone, and conglomerate. Sandstone is formed from sand-sized grains, shale from clay and mud, limestone primarily from calcium carbonate, and conglomerate from rounded gravel-sized clasts. Sedimentary rocks often contain fossils, which are preserved remains or traces of ancient organisms. The study of sedimentary rocks is called sedimentology, and it is crucial for understanding Earth's history, including past climates, environments, and the evolution of life. These rocks are also important sources of resources such as fossil fuels, groundwater, and construction materials.