Schweißelektrode

A Schweißelektrode, or welding electrode, is a consumable or non-consumable component used in various arc welding processes to create an electric arc. The electric arc melts the base metals to be joined and, in the case of consumable electrodes, the electrode itself, forming a weld pool. The primary function of an electrode is to conduct the electric current necessary for welding. In many processes, it also serves as a source of filler material.

There are two main categories: consumable and non-consumable electrodes. Consumable electrodes, such as those used in Stick welding (SMAW) and Metal Inert Gas (MIG) welding (GMAW), are designed to be melted and incorporated into the weld. They often have a flux coating that performs multiple functions, including shielding the molten metal from atmospheric contamination, stabilizing the arc, and adding alloying elements to the weld. Non-consumable electrodes, typically made of tungsten and used in Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW) or TIG welding, are not intended to melt. They conduct the current and create the arc, while a separate filler material, if needed, is added manually. The material composition and design of an electrode are critical for achieving specific weld properties and are chosen based on the type of metal being welded, the welding process, and the desired weld quality.