Schlundbogenabkömmlinge

Schlundbogenabgang is a German term that translates to "pharyngeal arch origin" or "branchial arch origin" in English. It refers to the embryological development of structures in the head and neck region derived from the pharyngeal arches, also known as branchial arches. These are a series of paired mesenchymal structures that form in the early stages of vertebrate embryonic development.

The pharyngeal arches appear on the lateral walls of the developing pharynx. Each arch consists of a core of mesenchyme covered by ectoderm externally and endoderm internally. Within each arch are blood vessels, nervous tissue, and developing cartilage or bone. Humans typically develop six pairs of pharyngeal arches, though the fifth pair is often rudimentary or absent.

These arches are crucial for the formation of a wide variety of anatomical structures. The first pharyngeal arch, for instance, gives rise to the jaw bones (maxilla and mandible), ear ossicles, and muscles of mastication. Subsequent arches contribute to the development of the hyoid bone, laryngeal cartilages, and muscles of the face, pharynx, and larynx. Abnormalities in pharyngeal arch development can lead to congenital malformations affecting the face, ears, and neck. The term Schlundbogenabgang specifically denotes the developmental source of these diverse anatomical components.