Schilddrüsenüberfunktion

Schilddrüsenüberfunktion, also known as hyperthyroidism, is a medical condition where the thyroid gland produces too much thyroid hormone. This hormone regulates metabolism, and an excess can lead to a variety of symptoms. Common causes include Graves' disease, an autoimmune disorder, and nodules on the thyroid gland that produce excess hormones.

Symptoms of hyperthyroidism can include unexplained weight loss, a rapid or irregular heartbeat, nervousness, anxiety, tremors, and increased sensitivity to heat. Other possible signs are changes in bowel patterns, fatigue, muscle weakness, and an enlarged thyroid gland, known as a goiter. Diagnosis typically involves blood tests to measure thyroid hormone levels and sometimes imaging tests like an ultrasound or thyroid scan.

Treatment aims to reduce the production of thyroid hormones or block their effects. Options include antithyroid medications, radioactive iodine therapy which destroys excess thyroid cells, or surgery to remove part or all of the thyroid gland. The choice of treatment depends on the cause, severity, and individual patient factors. Untreated hyperthyroidism can lead to serious health complications such as heart problems and osteoporosis.