SMARCA1

SMARCA1, also known as SNF2L, is a protein-coding gene. It belongs to the SWI/SNF family of ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling complexes. These complexes play a crucial role in regulating gene expression by altering the structure of chromatin, the complex of DNA and proteins that forms chromosomes. SMARCA1 is a component of the mammalian SWI/SNF complex, specifically within the Brahma-related gene 1 (BRG1)-associated factor (BAF) complexes.

The SMARCA1 protein functions as a catalytic subunit, using the energy from ATP hydrolysis to move, eject, or restructure nucleosomes, the basic units of chromatin. This process makes the DNA more accessible to transcription factors and other regulatory proteins, thereby influencing gene transcription. It is involved in various cellular processes including cell proliferation, differentiation, and development. Mutations or dysregulation of SMARCA1 have been implicated in certain diseases, particularly cancers and developmental disorders, though its precise role in these conditions is still under active investigation. Research into SMARCA1 continues to uncover its multifaceted roles in genomic regulation and cellular function.