Rikosprosessin

Rikosprosessin refers to the criminal process in Finland, the legal framework through which criminal offenses are investigated, prosecuted and adjudicated. It covers the stages from initial inquiry to final enforcement of a judgment, and the rights and duties of the participants, including the accused, victims, police, prosecutors and the courts.

The process begins with an esitutkinta, or preliminary investigation, conducted by the police and, in serious cases, led by the prosecutor. The aim is to determine whether there is enough evidence to justify pursuing charges. During this stage, the authorities may collect statements, documents and other evidence, and may impose provisional measures such as detention or remand if warranted.

Following the investigation, the prosecutor decides whether to prosecute. If the decision is to proceed, the case is brought before a court. In Finland, criminal cases typically go to the District Court, with possible appeal to the Court of Appeal and, in certain circumstances, to the Supreme Court. The court proceedings are adversarial in structure but include active judicial involvement; the prosecution bears the burden of proving guilt beyond a reasonable doubt, while the accused has the right to defense counsel and to present evidence.

If a verdict of guilt is entered, the court imposes a sentence, which may include imprisonment, fines, community service or other sanctions. The process also covers remedies for victims and allowances for appeal or review of legal questions.

The Rikosprosessin is governed by criminal procedure law and related statutes, and aims to balance public interest, accountability, fairness, and the rights of individuals throughout the phases from inquiry to enforcement.