Riigivõimu

Riigivõimu, meaning "state power" or "public authority" in Estonian, refers to the fundamental concept of sovereignty and the legitimate exercise of power within a state. It encompasses the authority of the government to make and enforce laws, maintain order, and provide public services. In Estonia, like in many democratic nations, riigivõimu is derived from the people and is exercised through distinct branches of government.

The Estonian Constitution establishes the principle of separation of powers, dividing state authority into legislative, executive, and judicial branches. The legislative power is vested in the Riigikogu, the unicameral parliament, which is responsible for enacting laws and overseeing the government. The executive power is held by the Government of Estonia, headed by the Prime Minister, which implements laws and manages the day-to-day affairs of the state. The judicial power is exercised by independent courts, which interpret laws and administer justice.

The concept of riigivõimu also implies the state's monopoly on the legitimate use of force within its territory. This includes the authority to maintain national security, defend borders, and ensure public safety through institutions like the police and armed forces. Ultimately, riigivõimu is the bedrock upon which a functioning state is built, ensuring stability, order, and the protection of citizens' rights and freedoms. Its legitimacy is derived from adherence to constitutional principles and democratic processes.