Rihmasolut

Rihmasolut, also known as hyphae, are the long, branching filamentous structures of a fungus, oomycete, or actinobacterium. They are the primary mode of vegetative growth, and are collectively called a mycelium. The tip of a hypha grows by absorbing nutrients from the environment and extends outwards. Hyphae are typically microscopic, but some fungal species can grow exceptionally large mycelial structures that are visible to the naked eye.

The cell walls of hyphae are usually composed of chitin, a polysaccharide that also provides structural support. In some groups, like oomycetes, the cell walls are made of cellulose. The internal structure of a hypha can be either coenocytic, meaning it lacks septa (cross-walls) and contains multiple nuclei within a continuous cytoplasm, or septate, meaning it is divided into compartments by septa. Septate hyphae may still have pores in their septa that allow for the passage of organelles and cytoplasm between cells.

Rihmasolut play a crucial role in the decomposition of organic matter, nutrient cycling, and symbiotic relationships with plants and animals. Their extensive surface area allows for efficient absorption of nutrients from their surroundings. In many fungi, hyphae are also involved in reproduction, forming specialized structures that produce spores. The study of hyphae is fundamental to understanding fungal biology and their ecological impact.