Regnans
Regnans is a Latin present participle meaning "reigning" or "ruling." In Latin it functions as an adjective or participle and appears in religious, legal, and scholarly contexts. The phrase Regnans in Excelsis, Latin for "Reigning in the Highest" or "Ruling in the Heavens," is best known as the title of a papal bull issued in the late 16th century.
Regnans in Excelsis was issued by Pope Pius V on February 25, 1570. The bull excommunicated Elizabeth
Impact and significance: The bull intensified English state security measures against Catholics, strengthened laws of recusancy,
Beyond its historical role, the term regnans appears in Latin literature to denote reigning rulers and is