Referenssielektrodi

A reference electrode, also known as a reference half-cell, is an electrode in an electrochemical cell that has a well-defined electrode potential. It serves as a reference point against which the potentials of other electrodes can be measured. The potential of a reference electrode is typically determined by the concentration of a specific ion in solution, which remains constant throughout the experiment.

Reference electrodes are crucial in electrochemistry for several reasons. They provide a stable and reproducible potential that can be used to calibrate other electrodes and to measure the potential of a working electrode. This is essential for accurate and reliable electrochemical measurements.

There are several types of reference electrodes, each with its own advantages and limitations. The most commonly used reference electrodes include the Standard Hydrogen Electrode (SHE), the Calomel Electrode (SCE), and the Silver-Silver Chloride Electrode (Ag/AgCl). The SHE is the standard reference electrode, with a potential of 0 volts by definition. The SCE and Ag/AgCl electrodes are more practical for everyday use, as they are less sensitive to changes in temperature and pressure.

The choice of reference electrode depends on the specific requirements of the experiment. Factors such as the electrolyte solution, the temperature, and the desired accuracy of the measurements should be considered when selecting a reference electrode. Proper care and maintenance of the reference electrode are also important to ensure accurate and reliable results.