Rampmeteringsåtgärder

Rampmeteringsåtgärder, often translated as ramp metering or ramp control, refers to a traffic management strategy used to control the flow of vehicles entering a freeway or highway. The primary goal is to reduce traffic congestion on the mainline by regulating the rate at which vehicles merge from on-ramps. This is typically achieved by installing traffic signals at the end of on-ramps that dictate when individual vehicles or small groups of vehicles can proceed onto the freeway.

The system operates by monitoring traffic conditions on the mainline. If congestion is detected or predicted, the ramp meter signal will change from green to red, stopping vehicles on the ramp. The meter then releases vehicles at a predetermined, slower rate to ensure a smoother and safer merge onto the freeway. This prevents the sudden influx of vehicles from overwhelming the mainline capacity, thereby reducing shock waves and stop-and-go traffic.

Different algorithms can be employed to determine the metering rate, often based on real-time traffic speed, density, and occupancy data collected from sensors on the mainline and ramps. Some systems use a fixed rate, while others employ dynamic adjustments based on current conditions. The implementation of ramp metering can lead to improved travel times, reduced accident rates due to smoother traffic flow, and decreased fuel consumption and emissions. However, it can also result in increased wait times on the ramps.