Radiactief

Radiactief is a Dutch word meaning radioactive. It refers to the spontaneous emission of radiation from the nucleus of an atom. This phenomenon occurs when an atomic nucleus is unstable, typically due to an imbalance of protons and neutrons. When such an atom decays, it releases energy in the form of particles or electromagnetic waves, known as radioactivity.

There are several types of radioactive decay. Alpha decay involves the emission of an alpha particle, which consists of two protons and two neutrons. Beta decay releases a beta particle, which is either an electron or a positron. Gamma decay emits high-energy photons, or gamma rays, and does not change the number of protons or neutrons in the nucleus.

Radioactive materials are found naturally in the environment, in elements like uranium and thorium. They are also produced artificially for various applications, including medical imaging, cancer treatment, and industrial processes. The intensity of radioactivity is measured in units such as Becquerel (Bq) and Curie (Ci).

Exposure to radiation can have health effects, depending on the dose and type of radiation. While low levels of radiation are generally considered safe, high doses can damage cells and increase the risk of cancer. Therefore, safety precautions are taken when handling radioactive materials, and regulations are in place to limit exposure.