Rõngasvõrgus

Rõngasvõrgus is an Estonian term that translates to "ring network" in English. It refers to a type of computer network topology where devices are connected in a circular fashion. Each device in the ring network is connected to exactly two other devices, forming a single continuous pathway for signals. Data travels around the ring in one direction, passing through each node until it reaches its intended destination.

The implementation of a ring network can vary. Some ring networks use a single cable to form the loop, while others might use two separate cables to create a redundant path, offering improved reliability in case of a cable break. In a single-ring system, if a cable fails or a device malfunctions, the entire network can be disrupted. However, the dual-ring configuration allows data to be rerouted along the alternate path, maintaining network connectivity.

Historically, token ring networks were a prominent example of this topology. In a token ring setup, a special data frame called a "token" circulates around the ring. A device wishing to transmit data must wait until it receives the token, attaches its data to it, and sends it around the ring. This mechanism helps to prevent data collisions. While ring topologies were once popular, they have largely been superseded by star and mesh topologies in modern networking due to their scalability and fault tolerance advantages.