Rättsstatsprinciperna

Rättsstatsprinciperna, or the principles of the rule of law, are fundamental to modern legal systems. They ensure that the exercise of power by the state is constrained by law and that all individuals are treated equally before the law. A core tenet is the principle of legality, meaning that state actions must have a basis in law, and laws must be clear, accessible, and prospective, not retroactive.

Another key principle is the separation of powers, dividing governmental authority among the legislature, executive, and judiciary to prevent any single branch from becoming too powerful. Independent courts are crucial for upholding the rule of law, as they must be free from political influence to impartially adjudicate disputes and review the legality of government actions.

Access to justice is also vital, ensuring that individuals can seek remedies through the courts and have their cases heard fairly. This includes the right to legal representation and a public trial. The principle of accountability means that those in power are themselves subject to the law and can be held responsible for their actions. Finally, the protection of fundamental rights and freedoms is intrinsically linked to the rule of law, as these rights are enshrined in law and protected by an independent judiciary. These principles collectively aim to create a society where power is exercised predictably, fairly, and with respect for individual rights.