Püsivmagnetvälja

Püsivmagnetvälja, often translated as permanent magnetic field, refers to the magnetic field produced by a permanent magnet. A permanent magnet is an object made from a material that is magnetized and creates its own persistent magnetic field. This field arises from the intrinsic magnetic properties of the material, typically due to the alignment of electron spins within the atoms. Unlike electromagnets, which require an external electric current to generate a magnetic field, permanent magnets retain their magnetism even after the external magnetizing force is removed.

The strength and shape of a permanent magnetic field depend on the material composition, shape, and how it has been magnetized. Common materials used for permanent magnets include various alloys of iron, nickel, cobalt, and rare-earth elements like neodymium and samarium. These materials are classified as ferromagnetic. The magnetic field extends outwards from the magnet, exerting forces on other magnetic materials and moving electric charges. This phenomenon is fundamental to many technologies, including electric motors, generators, loudspeakers, magnetic storage devices, and compasses. The concept of the permanent magnetic field is crucial in understanding magnetism and its applications in science and engineering.