Përmendur

Përmendur is an Albanian term that functions as the past participle of the verb përmend, meaning to mention or to refer to. It is used to indicate that something has been cited, noted, or referred to in a text or discourse and can also serve as an adjective describing items that have been mentioned.

Grammatical use and form: As a participle, përmendur behaves like a verbal adjective and agrees with the noun it modifies in gender and number. It is used in compound tenses with auxiliary forms, for example: është përmendur (has been mentioned) or kanë përmendur (have mentioned), depending on the subject and tense. When used attributively, it can appear before or after the noun, as in fjalët e përmendura (the mentioned words) or an item të përmendur (an referred-to item).

Usage notes: Përmendur communicates that a particular element has already been brought up in a discussion or document. It is common in formal and academic writing, legal texts, and media reporting where references or citations are noted. Its feminine form and plural forms align with standard Albanian agreement patterns for past participles.

Etymology and related terms: The word derives from the verb përmend, with the prefix për- forming a lexeme meaning to mention. Related terms include përmendje (mention, reference) and other derivative forms connected to the broader semantic field of memory, reference, and citation in Albanian.

See also: përmend, përmendje.