Proendotheliniksi

Proendotheliniksi, also known as endothelin-converting enzyme (ECE), is a group of enzymes responsible for the conversion of big endothelins (big ET-1, big ET-2, and big ET-3) into their active forms, endothelin-1 (ET-1), endothelin-2 (ET-2), and endothelin-3 (ET-3). Endothelins are potent vasoconstrictors and mitogens that play crucial roles in regulating vascular tone, blood pressure, and cellular growth.

There are three known isoforms of ECE: ECE-1, ECE-2, and ECE-3. ECE-1 and ECE-2 are the most studied, with ECE-1 being widely distributed in various tissues, including the lungs, kidneys, and vascular endothelium. ECE-2 is primarily found in the kidneys and is believed to play a role in the processing of other bioactive peptides. ECE-3 is less characterized but is thought to be involved in the conversion of big ET-3.

The endothelin system has been implicated in several physiological and pathological processes. In healthy individuals, endothelins help maintain vascular homeostasis by promoting vasoconstriction and regulating cell proliferation. However, dysregulation of the endothelin system has been linked to various diseases, including hypertension, pulmonary hypertension, atherosclerosis, and certain types of cancer. Elevated levels of endothelins are often associated with increased vascular resistance and tissue fibrosis.

ECE inhibitors, which block the conversion of big endothelins to their active forms, have been explored as potential therapeutic agents. These inhibitors aim to reduce the pathological effects of endothelins while preserving their beneficial roles in vascular regulation. Research continues to elucidate the precise mechanisms of ECE function and the potential clinical applications of targeting this enzyme system.