Probabilistisuutta

Probabilistisuutta is a Finnish term that translates to "probabilism" in English. It refers to a philosophical and theological concept primarily associated with the moral theology of the Catholic Church during the late Middle Ages and the early modern period. Probabilism addresses the question of how to act when there is a doubt about the moral correctness of a specific action.

The core idea of probabilism is that if there is a serious doubt concerning the morality of an act, and if one reputable authority suggests that the act is morally permissible, then performing that act is considered acceptable, even if another authority insists it is sinful. This approach emphasizes the weight of probable opinions and allows for flexibility in moral decision-making, especially in situations where clear directives are lacking.

Probabilism gained prominence through the work of moral theologians such as Domingo Báñez and was influential in the development of Catholic moral thought. Its acceptance and application led to debates about the limits of moral permissibility and the authority of religious teachings.

Critics of probabilism argued that it might permit morally questionable actions by overly relying on individual judgment and probable opinions, potentially undermining strict moral standards. Consequently, the Church eventually clarified its stance, emphasizing the importance of aligning actions with the more certain teachings of the Church and moral authorities.

While initially rooted in theological contexts, the concept of probabilism has found relevance in broader discussions about decision theory, ethics, and the philosophy of uncertainty, highlighting the role of probability and authority in guiding moral choices.