Prinivil

Prinivil is a brand-name medication whose generic form is lisinopril. It belongs to the class of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and is used to treat hypertension (high blood pressure), congestive heart failure, and to improve survival after a myocardial infarction. It may also be prescribed to protect kidney function in people with diabetes or certain kidney diseases.

Mechanism of action: lisinopril inhibits ACE, reducing the production of angiotensin II and lowering aldosterone levels. This results in vasodilation and lower blood pressure. ACE inhibition can also increase bradykinin levels, which in some patients contributes to a dry cough.

Administration and pharmacokinetics: Prinivil is taken orally as tablets. Absorption is not significantly affected by food. It is not appreciably metabolized by the liver and is excreted largely unchanged in the urine, so dose adjustments may be needed in kidney impairment.

Adverse effects and safety: Common side effects include cough, dizziness, and fatigue. It can cause hyperkalemia and low blood pressure. A rare but serious risk is angioedema, which requires urgent medical attention. Contraindications include prior ACE inhibitor–associated angioedema and pregnancy. Caution is advised in kidney disease and in patients taking potassium-sparing agents or NSAIDs; monitoring of kidney function and electrolytes is recommended.

Availability: Prinivil is a prescription medication marketed by Merck; lisinopril is also available as a generic drug. It is used under medical supervision and is not intended for over-the-counter use. Beginners or changes in therapy should follow a clinician’s instructions and report adverse effects.