Predikatiiv

Predikativ is a term used in grammar to describe a predicative element that completes the meaning of the subject after a linking (copular) verb such as be, seem, become, feel, or appear. The predikativ provides information about the subject’s identity, quality, or state and is not part of the subject noun itself nor the object of the sentence. In this sense it functions as a subject complement.

There are two common types of predikativ. A predikativt nominal (predicate nominal) is a noun phrase that renames or identifies the subject, as in "He is a teacher" or "The winner became president." A predikativt adjektiv (predicate adjective) describes the subject, as in "The soup tastes good," "She remains calm," or "The plan seems impossible." Some languages also allow predicative pronouns, as in "It was I."

Predikativ is typically limited to combinations with linking verbs, though some verbs that function like linking verbs in certain constructions can take a predicativ as well. It is distinct from attributive modifiers within a noun phrase (which form part of the subject) and from direct objects. In many languages, the form of the predikativ does not reflect the subject’s case or gender beyond what the language normally allows; in others, agreement with the subject may occur for certain predicatives.

In summary, predikativ is the predicate complement that states what the subject is or how it is, following a linking verb, and it can take the form of a noun phrase or an adjective phrase.